本帖最后由 苹果丫丫 于 2013-4-26 09:48 编辑
Passive Range-of-Motion
ALS患者被动运动练习
If you’re unable to move against gravity, a caregiver or physicaltherapist can help you fully stretch your muscles and move the joints toprevent contractures associated with immobility. For maximum benefit, it’simportant that you continue to participate as fully as possible.
Thefollowing illustrations indicate normal range-of-motion of each joint. Ifstrong resistance or pain occurs, stop the movement.
Note:The following instructions arewritten to the caregiver.
如果患者无法克服地心引力不能动弹，照顾者或物理治疗师可以帮助您全面伸展你的肌肉并活动你的关节，以防止挛缩和僵硬。为了获得最大的效果，需要尽可能多地继续练习。
下面的图示显示各关节的正常运动范围。如果遇到强大的阻力或出现疼痛时，请停止运动。
注：以下图示专为照顾者而写。
Arm exercises手臂练习
Shoulder
肩
Help the person with ALS liecomfortably on his or her back. Place the person’s arm at his or her side.
Supporting the elbow and wrist, pickthe arm up and over the head to a position behind the ear. Return the arm tothe person’s side.
帮助ALS患者的背部舒服地平躺。将患者的手臂放置在其身旁。
支撑患者肘部和手腕，抬臂至患者头部以上、耳朵后面的某一位置。慢慢放下手臂，回至患者的身侧。
Supportingthe elbow and wrist, move the arm along the bed to a position above the person’shead and next to his or her ear. Return the arm to the person’s side.
支撑患者肘部和手腕，沿床抬臂上举，至头部以上、仅靠耳朵的某一位置。慢慢放下手臂，回至患者的身侧。
Movethe arm along the bed to shoulder level. Bend the elbow to 90 degrees (handpointing toward ceiling). Support the elbow and wrist and keep elbowstabilized.
沿床移动手臂，至与肩齐。弯曲肘部至90度（手朝向天花板）。支撑患者肘部和手腕，并保持肘关节稳定。
Rotatethe arm until the hand and wrist touch the bed near the hip and rotate the armback until the wrist touches the bed near the head.
旋转患者的手臂，直到手和手腕轻触靠近臀部的床，并旋转患者手臂背部，直到手腕接触到头部附近的床。
Elbow
肘
Stabilizethe elbow and bend and straighten it in three positions: palm down, thumb downand palm up.
固定好肘关节，弯曲伸直其至三个位置：手掌向下，拇指向下，转动手腕，再掌心向上。
Withthe elbow bent at the person’s side, rotate the palm toward and away from theperson’s face.
弯曲肘部至患者的身侧，旋转手掌，朝向或远离患者脸部。
Wrist
腕
Holdingthe wrist and hand, bend the wrist up and down as if waving. Holding the armand hand, with the wrist straight, bend the hand to one side and then theother.
握住患者的手腕和手，像挥手一样上下弯曲手腕。握住手臂和手，同时手腕伸直，向一侧弯曲手，再向另一侧弯曲。
Fingers
手指
Takeeach finger and pull gently to touch the base of the finger and then the heelof the hand. Touch the tip of each finger to the tip of the thumb.
抓住每个手指，轻轻拉伸至触到指根，接着换做手跟。每个手指的指尖与大拇指指尖接触。
Straighteneach finger. Spread the fingers apart and back together.
伸直每个手指。把五指分开，然后合并到一起。
Leg exercises
腿部练习
Hip
臀部
Help the person with ALS tolie on his or her back with legs straight and relaxed. Stand beside the leg tobe exercised, and place one hand above the knee to keep it straight and theother hand under the heel.
Bend the knee of one leg and cross the foot overthe thigh of the other leg. Push the knee toward the opposite shoulder. Repeatwith the other leg.
帮助ALS患者平躺于其背，腿伸直且放松。（照顾者）站在患者需锻炼的腿一侧，把一只手放在患者膝盖上，保持腿部伸直，另一只手放在患者脚跟下。
弯曲一条腿膝盖，从上方交叉脚至另一条腿的大腿骨处。将膝盖推向身体另一侧的肩部。另一条腿重复上述步骤。
Keeping the leg straight, slowlyraise the leg until the person you’re assisting feels a stretch. Be sure tokeep the other leg flat during the stretch.
Support the leg at the knee and heel,and bring the knee toward the chest. Return the leg to the bed, and repeat withthe other leg.
保持患者腿伸直，并慢慢抬高，直到你正帮助的患者感觉到伸展。在拉伸过程中一定要保持另一条腿放平。
在膝盖和脚跟处握住腿，并抬着膝盖向胸部方向运动。然后把腿放回至床上，另一条腿重复这样的练习。
Bringthe leg out to the side. Return the leg to the center. Repeat with the otherleg.
抬起患者的腿，向外侧移动。把腿轻放回到原正中位置。另一条腿重复上述步骤。
Ankleand toes
踝关节和脚趾
Placeone hand on the person’s shin and cup the heel in your other hand. Gently bendthe ankle upward by pushing against the bottom of the foot with your forearm.Don’t allow the foot to turn in or out.
把一只手放在患者胫骨上，另一只手托住患者脚跟。 通过用前臂推压脚底，轻轻向上弯曲患者脚踝。不要让脚松开或缩回。
Graspthe foot and turn the bottom of the foot toward the inside and then theoutside.
抓住患者脚掌，向内侧转动脚底，然后再向外侧转动。
Bendand straighten each toe. Spread the toes apart and then return them to theoriginal position.
弯曲并伸直每个脚趾。分开五个脚趾，然后恢复脚趾至原位置。
狗仔卡
发表于 2013-4-26 08:59:55
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
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抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
发表于 2013-4-26 09:44:36
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