本帖最后由 菡萏尘雾 于 2011-12-30 13:17 编辑
In ALS,there is a clear link between weight and survival. 对于ALS病人,体重与生存时间有着明显的联系
Studies show that people who areslightly overweight at the time of diagnosis, and people who maintain theirweight through the course of the disease, live longer than those who start outthinner or lose weight as ALS progresses, said Anne-MarieWills, an MDA grantee and researcher with the MDA/ALS Clinic atMassachusetts General Hospital in Boston.
Anne-Marie Wills(麻省总医院MDA/ALS诊所授权研究人员)说:研究显示诊断时稍微超重和病程过程中可以较好保持体重的ALS病人,比比较瘦、丧失体重的病人生存时间长。
Consequently, people with ALSshould feel free to eat foods high in fat and calories — but they need to eathealthy foods as well, advised a panel of experts on nutrition in ALS whoparticipated in anMDA-sponsored webinar(onlineseminar) on Jan. 11, 2011. 2011年1月11日,MDA赞助的网络研讨会,一组营养学家建议:ALS病人应该大胆吃高脂肪高卡路里食物——当然,也要健康的。
The experts addressed a variety oftopics in the hourlong presentation, including why nutrition is important inALS; what steps people with ALS can take to ensure good nutrition; what typesof foods and drink are appropriate; how to prepare food and drink for easierconsumption; feeding tubes; and current research on the subject.
在持续一小时的陈述中,专家们标注了一系列要点,包括为什么营养对ALS病人如此重要;ALS病人可以采取哪些步骤以保证营养摄入;什么类型的食物和饮品是合适的;怎样准备食物和饮品以利于消化吸收;饲管以及该领域目前的研究进展。
Doctors and nutritionists whoparticipated in the webinar included Wills; Terry Heiman-Patterson, a formerMDA grantee and director of the MDA/ALS Center of Hope at Drexel UniversityCollege of Medicine in Philadelphia;and Jane Hubbard, a bionutritionist who works with Willsat Mass General.
与会的专家包括:Wills、Terry Heiman-Patterson(前MDA授权人,德雷赛尔大学医学院MDA/ALS希望中心主任)、Jane Hubbard(生物营养学家,麻省总医院与Wills共同工作)
1、 Why nutrition is important in ALS
1、为什么营养对ALS病人很重要
“People with ALS tend to loseweight at a dramatic rate,” Wills said, noting that “nutritional status andweight are very important in determining survival.”
Wills说:“ALS病人有快速丧失体重的趋势,营养状况和体重决定生存时间。”
There are several reasons whypeople with ALS tend to lose weight, Wills said. Theymay have difficulty swallowing or get tired while eating. Research suggeststhat at some stages of the disease process, people with ALS can become“hypermetabolic,” burning calories at a faster rate than normal. And, cells inthe intestines may be affected by ALS, making it harder for individuals toextract energy and nutrients from food.
多方面原因导致ALS病人丧失体重,Wills说,吞咽困难或者吃饭过程太劳累。研究显示:在基本进程的某些阶段,ALS病人会出现“代谢过剩”,比正常人消耗卡路里的速率快。肠胃细胞有可能被ALS影响,难以从食物中摄取能量和营养。
People with ALS burn about 15percent more calories than expected, and therefore need more calories thanunaffected people to maintain their weight — even though they typically aremuch less active, Wills said.
Wills说,ALS病人比普通人多消耗15%的卡路里,因此,要维持体重,就要比普通人多摄取卡路里——尽管他们活动少得多。
2、 How to maintain weight
2、如何维持体重
Hubbard described maintainingweight as a “balancing act” and advised people with ALS to work with adietician or nutritionist to determine their caloric needs as well as whattypes of foods they should be eating. She advised patients to keep close trackof their weight and to contact their health care provider if they lose morethan four pounds.
Hubbard将维持体重描述为“平衡活动”,建议ALS病人求教于营养师或者营养学家以确定其卡路里需要量,了解应该吃哪种食物。她建议病人密切追踪他们的体重变化,如果下降超过四磅,就与医疗服务人员联系。
Although human studies on nutritionin ALS have not yet determined the optimal diet, mouse studies suggest that adiet high in fat, as well as one high in nutrition-dense foods like fruits andvegetables, is best. High-protein diets and protein supplements have generallybeen found to be unhelpful in slowing ALS disease progression.
虽然人体实验还没有确定ALS最佳食谱,但小鼠实验发现:高脂肪、高营养富集性水果蔬菜是最好的。高蛋白食物和蛋白补充剂一般对于减缓疾病进展是没有帮助的。